Improvement in windmills



L. BAKER.,

Wind-Mills. V v v Patented Sept. 1,1874;

UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFIon..

LEANDER BAKER, OF MORENCI, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT lN WINDMILLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 154,631, dated September 1, 1874; application filed June 17, 1874.

To ali whom it may co'ncem:

Be it known that I, LEANDER BAKER, of Morenci, in the county of Lenawee and State of Michigan, have invented an lmprovement in Windmills, of which the following is a specification:

This invention has for its object to so construct a Windmill as that the Wheel Will always present itself to the Wind Without using a tail or vane for that purpose, and to so hang the sai1s that When the Wind increases in velocity, so as to drive the Wheel faster than the rate to which it is adjusted, the sai1s Will automatieally turn partially out of the Wind, and thus govern the speed; also, to provide a means for turning the sai1s entirely out of the Wind When it is desired to stop the Wheel, as more fully hereinafter set forth.

Figure l is a partial perspective view. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the lever-disk, faceplate, pitman, and sleeve. Fig. 3 is a Vertical section of the sleeve and standard. Fig. 4 is a detached perspective view of onesail and its shaft and lever. Fig. 5 is a rear perspective view of the spider and lever-disk, With their connecting-spring. Fig. 6 is a detail elevation of the brake and its connections.

In the drawing, Arepresents the post which carries the Wheel, on top of which is a eastiron ring-bracket, B, and lower down another bracket-ring, C, upon which rests the circular base a of a-standard, D, having an annular bearing, b, at its top, which resttsupon the bracket B. With the bearing b is cast a borizontal sleeve, D', in which is journaled the Wind-Wheel shaft c, carrying at its inner end a face-plate, d, having a Wrist-pin, e, on which is strapped a connecting-rod, f, whose loWer end engages with a square plunger-rod, g, which passes down through a square opening in the base a, also through a sliding collar, h, below which it is rounded, and passesthroughthe loWer` guide-bracketV E to engage With the pump-plunger. F is the spider of the Wind- Wheel, secured on the projecting end of the shaft c, carrying the arms G, to whose outer ends is secured a Wood or metal hoop, H. A hexagonal frame is 4made by the introduction of the braces I between the arms, and nearer the center of the Wheel a metallic ring, J, is holted to the arms. K are the sai1s, trapezoidal in outline, each mounted on a shaft, L, passing through it, so as to divde it in two unequal areas. The Wheel is always to lee- Ward of the post, and not to windward of it, as are ordinary Wheels which are provided With a tail or guide vane. The Wider parts of the sai1s stand to leeWard of their axes, and thus keep the wheel-axis in the plane of the direction of the Wind. Each sail-shaft L is ]'ournaled at its outer end to the hoop midway between the arms. It also has a bearing in a socket formed in the front edge of the brace I, While its inner end passes through the eye of a staple in the back edge of the ring J, inside of Which it is bent toward the post to form a lever, t'. The lever t' of each shaft projects into a notch, if, in a metal disk, M, sleeved on the shaft c against the end of the sleeve D'. Between the hub and disk a strong spring, k, is spirally eoiled on the shaft c, one end being hooked into the disk and the other into the hub, the slot in which is of such Width, and the level' bent to such an angle, that the tension of thespring Will normally hold the sail to the proper angle to have the full effect of the Wind, While in the other divrection the play of the lever is limited to so rotating the shaft L as to bring the sail edgewise to the Wind, to which it Will then cifer no resistance; the Wheel then Will not revolve. The spring is placed under such torsion that, With a moderate breeze, it Will resist any tendency of the disk to rotate under the leverage of the sail-arms While the Wheel is doing its Work, pumping or otherwise, at a proper rate or speed. When the Wind increases in velocity or force, it tends to increase the speed of the Wheel; the spring will then yield and allow the disk to rotate a little, and the sai1s to turn partially out of the Wind, and thus reduce the speed of the Wheel to the required motion. To stop the Wheel, the sai1s' are throWn out of the Wind by a friction-brake, N, acting on the periphery of the disk, actuated by a Wire, Z, connected to the arm or lever of the brake, which is pivoted to the sleeve D'. The Wire passes down through the bracket -bearings B G, and is secured to au eye on the collar h, which revolves With the operative parts, so

that the Wire cannot twist. m is a grooved segment, embrecing the flange of the collar, shafts L, and their arms arranged with I'elaamd also has Vertical siiding movement on a, ti'on to the shaft o and ring J, substantialyly as guide-rod, n, ereoted between the braekets D and for the pnrpose set forth.

E. A rod, o, is attached to thev segment, by 2. The combinetion of the brake N, Wire l, means of which thev letter may be pulled coliarh, segment m, and rod o with the sleevev down,v to force the brake against the disk M, D', disk M, bearing a, and pInnger-rod. g, subi to resist its rotation with the Wheel, and thus stantiall y as end for the Vpurpose set forth.

throw the seils out of the Wind. v v V LEANDER BAKER. v V

What I claim as my invention, end desire to nWitnesses: 4 v seeure by Letters Patent, is H. F. EBERTSV,

1. The slotted disk M, spring lk, sails K, H. S. SPRAGUE. 

